I got to see Keb’ Mo’ play live for the first time a few months ago. That was very cool – he’s a skilled performer, had a great band and the joy of the music just oozed out. I discovered a few of his Christmas songs a couple of days ago and they got me thinking. Jingle Bells Jamboree features Mo’s characteristic, rhythmic guitar picking and celebrates a family Christmas, complete with presents under the decorated tree, children anticipating Santa Claus, and mum and dad in the kitchen cooking the turkey. But in the middle of the song, suddenly it doesn’t matter if “there are stockings on the wall, ‘cause what matters most is peace on earth and good will to all.” And then, “the more you give, the more you will receive.”
Then in We Call It Christmas, Mo’ sings, “It’s all about peace, no fighting anywhere. Knowing there’s enough for everyone to share.” Living, he says, is all about “getting into the spirit of giving.” “It’s all about love, and how much we can give, when we open our hearts…”
And then there’s Keb’ Mo’s Shopping on Christmas Eve, featuring some very nifty solo guitar work. It’s about the guy who leaves all his shopping until the last minute. Christmas shopping – arghhh! Well, those presents aren’t going to buy themselves are they? But there’s something pretty unsavoury about the advertising and the pressure – earlier and earlier each year, it seems – to go out and spend. (Check out George Monbiot’s recent piece on how we’re manipulated by the corporate machine)
Peace, giving – right at the heart of what Christmas is. Because of the utter self-giving love of God in the baby of Bethlehem. “Peace on earth,” sang the angel heralds of this extraordinary birth. Could it be? Is there an alternative to the headlong race into consumption and self-centredness that surrounds us, and the hate-filled war and terror besetting so much of our world? The first Christmas shouts a resounding yes, and with it challenges each of us to “get into the spirit of giving.”
“It’s all about love, and how much we can give, when we open our hearts…”
Check out Scottish musician and broadcaster Lins Honeyman’s excellent blues radio show. You can “listen again” over the next week to this broadcast, which features an interview with Gary Burnett about his book, The Gospel According to the Blues.
The book dares us to read Jesus’s Sermon on the Mount in conversation with Robert Johnson, Son House, and Muddy Waters. It suggests that thinking about the blues-the history, the artists, the songs-provides good stimulation for thinking about the Christian gospel. Both are about a world gone wrong, about injustice, about the human condition, and both are about hope for a better world. In this book, Gary Burnett probes both the gospel and the history of the blues as we find it in the Sermon on the Mount, to help us understand better the nature of the good news which Jesus preached, and its relevance and challenge to us.
Is your dad a music fan? If so, then, here’s your Father’s Daypresent sorted!
Here’s what Michael C. Bailey said in his review in All ABout Jazz:
“Burnett considers the blues backwards 2000 years through a prism of Christian Practice. His focus is less the place of Christianity within the perspective of the blues as the blues as a metaphor of dislocation, loss, forgiveness, and salvation. The social and cultural circumstances that gave rise to the rich land in the Mississippi Delta has been played out many times. It is an archetype: a persecuted minority endures the injustice of a class-ridden society, ultimately ending as refugees and exiles in and out of their own lands. The parallel with the Old Testament and mid-Twentieth Century Jews cannot be overstated. The early Christians in Rome are another example. The Psalms have as their progeny the blues of the Delta region. These are songs expressing the range of emotions experienced not only because life is hard, but because it is made harder by others.
Burnett injects the concepts of justice and endurance into the comparative discussion making a convincing argument for the temporal relationship between The Beatitudes and the whole corpus of Delta blues. Burnett’s is a keen cultural analysis occurring at a high emotional and intellectual level. This book is for anyone interested in the blues as a part of the civilization that grew out of Christianity. The pertinence is plain regardless of what religious or anti-religious winds happen to be blowing. History is history, let us learn from it.”
There have been a few blues songs along the way which have addressed the subject of war directly. African-American servicemen served in segregated units in both world wars and despite continually demonstrating bravery and loyalty, faced considerable discrimination.
More than a million African-Americans served in the armed forces during WW2, despite being barred from the air force and the marines, and only being accepted as cooks and waiters in the Navy. Outrageously, black soldiers had sometimes to give up their seats in trains to the Nazi prisoners of war.
Despite this, we have a few blues songs supporting US war efforts. Sonny Boy Williamson, in his Win the War Blues from 1944 says that he
“…wants a machine gun
And I wants to be hid out in the wood
I wants to show old man Hitler
That Sonny Boy don’t mean him no good.”
Echoing wide felt sentiments about the enemy, he goes on to say,
“I wants to drop a bomb, um
An set the Japanese city on fire
Now because they are so rotten
That I’d just love to see them die.”
In 1966, Allen Orange, in his VC Blues, expressed the patriotism of the soldier to his loved ones back home:
“Remember that I love you and my country
For this I don’t mind dying“
But there are quite a few other songs which protest against war. In 1949, Lightnin’ Hopkins released War News Blues, which highlights the suffering of the innocent in conflict:
“You may turn your radio on soon in the morning, sad news every day You may turn your radio on soon in the morning, sad news every day Yes, you know, I got a warning, trouble is on its way
Poor children running, crying, “Whoa, mama, mama, now what shall we do?”
In modern warfare, the people who suffer most from war are civilians, particularly women and children. There are no such things as “precision strikes” which only kill enemy combatants. Wars are not fought these days in “battlegrounds;” they are fought in people’s towns and homes. Aside from the human cost, they leave lasting damage in the form of ruined civic infrastructures and poisoned natural environments.
A few years later in 1962, Lightnin’ Hopkins reflected on the downside of the upcoming Vietnam war in War is Startin’ Again:
Woe, you know this world done get tangled now Yeah, I believe they gonna start war again
Yeah, there gonna be a’mothers start to worry Yes, there’s gonna be many a girls will lose a friend
Three years later J.B. Lenoir, in his Alabama Blues would lament that “Uncle Sam gonna send me away from here” and wonder “when will all wars come to an end?”
Nina Simone, focused on the negative impact of war on those at home in Backlash Blues, 1967: “Mr. Backlash, Mr. Backlash
Just who do you think I am
You raise my taxes, freeze my wages
And send my son to Vietnam…
Do you think that all coloured folks
Are second class fools?”
It is commonly put about that spending on “defense” (a euphemism for war) benefits an economy. In reality, spending those same dollars on peaceful industries, on education, on infrastructure would produce more jobs and in most cases better paying jobs. Military spending diverts public funds into increasingly privatized industries and is a very poorly accountable form of public spending.
But perhaps the hardest hitting song was Champion Jack Dupree’s,Vietnam Blues, in 1972. He understood that those hardest hit by war are always the non-combatants:
“Well, I feel so sorry for the people over in Vietnam
It’s a whole lot of pain, Uncle Sam don’t understand
Why don’t you leave Vietnam? Leave those poor, poor people alone.”
It was time for “Uncle Sam [to] pack up, pull out, and go home.”
Fast forward to 2012 and we have Dan Mangan’s compelling Post-War Blues. He notes the cynical way that some politicians are wedded to the need or the benefits of being at war and are prepared to pay for it with their children’s education – “Let’s start a war for the kids, a purpose for which to unite… find them a foe for the fight.” The official video for the song is potent, showing young people in school exchanging books and musical instruments for weapons. It hits a positive note, however, before the end, showing the young people refusing to be drawn in to the politicians lies about the war and “coming to” from the “deepest sleep of my life.” But the horror of war is highlighted as the song and video ends with footage from nuclear explosions and burning, exploding buildings.
Very roughly, the world spends $2 trillion every year on militarism, about half of this by the United States. This U.S. spend is roughly half of the U.S. government’s discretionary budget each year. It is expensive to wage war, but the costs to the aggressor, enormous as they are, are small in comparison to those of the nation attacked – death counts, obviously, which have grown dramatically in recent times and have shifted heavily onto civilians rather than combatants; but also war can bring disease, traumatisation, homelessness, poverty and a host of other miseries.
The wars we are sold by our politicians lead us to think that we are simply killing evil people who need to be killed to protect us and our freedoms. What happens in reality, however, is the one-sided slaughter of children, women, the elderly, and ordinary citizens. And what of regime change and nation-building? Scholars at both the Carnegie Endowment for Peace and the RAND Corporation have found that wars aimed at nation-building have at best an extremely low success rate in creating stable democracies. Humanitarian or philanthropic aims get lost along the way.
The idea of a “good war” or a “just war” becomes ridiculous when one looks honestly at independent reporting on wars. As Edwin Starr’s song says quite simply: “War – What is it good for? Absolutely nothing, Say it again, war, What is it good for? Absolutely nothin…”
If you want to think more about the futility of war and about the alternatives – check out the World Beyond War website here. And if you want a really radical alternative – check out the teaching of Jesus in Matthew 5. 43-44: Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you.
“War” is a Viet Nam war protest song written by Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong in 1969. It was a number-one hit on the Billboard Hot 100 chart the following year. It has been famously covered by Bruce Springsteen, added to the set list for the final few shows of his Born in the USA Tour in 1985. The September 30, 1985 performance as a part of his 1986 box set, Live 1975-85. The Boss has continue to play the song at his concerts over the year.”
It’s a powerful piece of lyricism, asking the very basic question: War – what is it good for? In our world there are over 40 armed conflicts going on right now, with innocent women and children as the primary victims. We might well ask – what’s it good for?
“You have heard that it was said, You must love your neighbor and hate your enemy. But I say to you, love your enemies and pray for those who harass you.” Jesus of Nazareth
War
What is it good for
Absolutely nothing
War
What is it good for
Absolutely nothing
War is something that I despise
For it means destruction of innocent lives
For it means tears in thousands of mothers’ eyes
When their sons go out to fight to give their lives
War
What is it good for
Absolutely nothing
Say it again
War
What is it good for
Absolutely nothing
War
It’s nothing but a heartbreaker
War
Friend only to the undertaker
War is the enemy of all mankind
The thought of war blows my mind
Handed down from generation to generation
Induction destruction
Who wants to die
War
What is it good for
Absolutely nothing
Say it again
War
What is it good for
Absolutely nothing
War has shattered many young men’s dreams
Made them disabled bitter and mean
Life is too precious to be fighting wars each day
War can’t give life it can only take it away
War
It’s nothing but a heartbreaker
War
Friend only to the undertaker
Peace love and understanding
There must be some place for these things today
They say we must fight to keep our freedom
But Lord there’s gotta be a better way
That’s better than
War
War
What is it good for
Absolutely nothing
Say it again
War
What is it good for
Absolutely nothing
Blues musician Anders Osborne, born in Sweden, but now resident in Louisiana, recorded the hard-hitting Five Bullets for his 2013 album Peace. The emotionally charged song is driven by a repeated heavy guitar riff and rap-paced lyrics. There is no one story fully told here, but there are two tragic tales hinted at – in the first verse, the police are called, the shooter has escaped, and the “tears of a mother scream through the night.” In the second verse, a white sedan comes into view, and then “Shots ring out by the grocery store, Everybody down, hit the floor!”
The verses are punctuated by “Boom, boom, boom, that American sound, Teen-aged kids on the naked ground.” We can easily fill in the details of each story from the tragic ones we hear on the news every day. That “boom, boom, boom,” is in many ways, in terms of its frequency at least, a very “American sound.”
Osborne separates his tragic gun violence stories by recalling the celebration of Martin Luther King Day, when “we all have a dream.” Sadly that dream was shattered for the victims of the scores of school shootings all over the US over the past forty years, and the 11,419 people who were killed last year and all the other victims from previous years. “Some kind of wrong you can never make right,” sings Osborne, expressing the outrage and disbelief that the firearms industry could be more important than the lives of innocent children.
As well as the 11,419 gun deaths last year in the United States, the firearm-related homicide rate was higher than that of any other industrialized country – 20 times higher in fact than the rates in other high-income countries. Every year an average of more than 100,000 people are shot, 289 a day. Between 2000 and 2010, a total of 335,609 people died from guns – more than the population of St. Louis, Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Newark, and Orlando. Shockingly nearly three times more children (15,576) were injured by firearms in 2010 than the number of U.S. soldiers (5,247) wounded in action that year in the war in Afghanistan.
The numbers make for sombre reading and cry out for a change in firearms legislation. And yet the voices shrilly proclaiming the right to bear arms, no matter what the cost, still speak loudly.
Lieutenant General William G. “Jerry” Boykin was the United States Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence under President George W. Bush from 2002 to 2007 and is a conservative Christian political activist. Boykin recently gave a speech at the WallBuilders’ Pro-Family Legislators Conference, in which he talked about his understanding of the second coming of Christ, which, apparently, he believes will be led by a blood-stained, gun-toting Jesus armed with an AR-15 assault rifle!
Boykin said, “The Lord is a warrior and in Revelation 19 it says when he comes back, he’s coming back as what? A warrior. A might warrior leading a mighty army, riding a white horse with a blood-stained white robe … I believe that blood on that robe is the blood of his enemies ’cause he’s coming back as a warrior carrying a sword…And I believe now – I’ve checked this out – I believe that sword he’ll be carrying when he comes back is an AR-15.
Now I want you to think about this: where did the Second Amendment come from? … From the Founding Fathers, it’s in the Constitution. Well, yeah, I know that. But where did the whole concept come from? It came from Jesus when he said to his disciples ‘now, if you don’t have a sword, sell your cloak and buy one.’ And the sword today is an AR-15, so if you don’t have one, go get one. You’re supposed to have one. It’s biblical.”
The General has apparently and conveniently forgotten the whole thrust of Jesus’s teaching about loving your enemies, turning the other cheek and how his kingdom was not a violent one like that of the Romans. So although the right to bear arms might happen to be in the US Constitution, it sure as shootin’ sure ain’t in the New Testament. Go count up the number of times God and peace are mentioned in the same sentence – it doesn’t tally with Boykin’s extraordinary vision of an AK-15 wielding, blood-stained Messiah.
A few years ago on a flight back to Europe from the US, I sat beside a friendly elderly gentleman who told me he was the president of a conservative Christian university in a Southern State. During our conversation he felt he needed to explain carefully to me just why he and everybody else in the country should carry a loaded gun. Like Willie Dixon says in his 1984 song It Don’t Make Sense You Can’t Make Peace about our inability to live peacefully, despite our scientific progress – the college president’s argument didn’t make much sense then and it still doesn’t. Strange how so-called Christians such as Boykin or my fellow air passenger have ripped out so many pages of their New Testaments.
St. Paul in his letter to Jesus-followers in Rome, in words which clearly follow the words of Jesus, advised them “not to repay anyone evil for evil,” to “live at peace with all people,” not “to get revenge for yourselves,” but to “overcome evil with good.” We’re a long way away here from Boykin’s gun-toting Jesus. Eric Bibb’s got the right end of the stick – check out his song Got to do better:
Confrontation after confrontation for too many years
Stones & bullets flyin’ through the air, Wounded dyin’ on the ground
We need total revision of the way we understand…
We’re supposed to be learning to love one another.
For Bibb, the answer to violence is not more violence – as Gandhi is reported to have said, “An eye for an eye leaves the whole world blind.” The answer is Jesus’s golden rule: Do unto others as you would have them do unto you. People like Boykin might like their Jesus to conform to their own particular violence-sanctifying worldview – the real Jesus can’t be made serve such a miserable approach to life.
You might well be forgiven for asking what the blues have got to do with Christmas. For many of us, Christmas is about having a good time, partying, too much to eat and drink. We’re not sure what we’re celebrating, but hey, it’s the middle of winter and we could do with a few parties! For those of us who see Christmas as all about the coming of God to us in the form of a baby, it’s a time of great joy and celebration. The world turned decisively on that day in Bethlehem in the first century, and the possibility of a new way of being human and a hope for a better and just world was born. That’s not the blues – that’s joy, laughter, hope and love.
But the blues are a continual reminder of the sorrow, pain and injustice of the world. B. B. King said “The blues is an expression of anger against shame and humiliation”. One of his songs is That’s why I sing the blues which reminds us of the roots of the blues in the injustice suffered by African Americans from the seventeenth century onwards in America – from slave ships to life in the ghetto, to the unfairness of the criminal justice system to a myriad of “troubles”.
In his recent album, The Candy Store Kid, Ian Siegal sings Lightni’ Malcom’s song: “So much trouble in the world today, so much trouble”. It reminds me, too, of Dylan’s 1993 song, World Gone Wrong.
The blues are a window into the experience of all manner of injustice and suffering in the world. As if we needed any reminder – we remember the unspeakable anguish which visited the community of Newtown, Connecticut, just a year ago. It’s hard to comprehend the depth of evil that has assailed these families and the extent of their suffering. In the year since, around 33,000 people in the United States have died as a result of gun violence.
Further from our doorsteps, Syrian women, children and men are living rough, cold and hungry in camps on either side of the Turkish border and in the Lebanon as a result of the civil war engulfing that nation. Scores of small children in Pakistan have been killed over the past few years by US drone bombing – we note with horror the statement by Time’s Joe Klein, as he tried to defend this, “the bottom line in the end is whose four-year old gets killed.” As is always the case in armed conflicts, it’s the innocent who suffer the most. Around 60 armed conflicts between nations in the world this year, including many throughout the continent of Africa and in the Middle East, have left thousands dead and many, many more in the direst of straits.
The word of the angels to the shepherds in Bethlehem was “Do not fear”. The word of gun-toting violence is “Be very afraid” – be afraid for your life, your food, your home, your future. Walter Bruggemannsays, “The world waits for hope-filled truth…while we wait in the abyss, newness does not seem possible. But hope breaks fate. Hope for newness cracks open what seemed to be true in perpetuity. The world waits for the hope-tellers among us.”
That hope is possible because of the Christmas story – into the lives of the poor, ragged shepherds, huddled on a Palestinian hillside, broke a dazzling heavenly choir, singing about a new day of peace coming to the earth, somehow all bound up within the swaddling cloths of a new born baby in the local town. Into the bleakness breaks hope, and because of that hope, joy breaks forth. Things are changing, we find out, as we read the Christmas story – the arrogant are going to be routed, despots thrown down, the hungry filled with good things and the rich sent away empty handed. In the birth of this baby lie the seeds for changing the world, for bringing peace and setting things right.
If we let it, we can ourselves be caught up in this story – becoming hope-tellers and hope-bringers as we pursue the way of peace. That way is costly, however. The announcement to the shepherds was “peace on earth” and the coming of Jesus was meant to “guide our way into the way of peace” (Luke 1.79). This theme of peace is at the heart of the New Testament, actually – God is the “God of peace.”
It’s a big ask, though, particularly for people like us who comfortably inhabit the story of “a global market economy supported by an undisciplined militarism in the service of a limitless consumer entitlement” (Brueggemann). But the peace and the hope the world craves for will only come through those who, in the name of the Prince of Peace, are prepared to break with the gospel of greed and practice love, generosity, hospitality and forgiveness. And who will be those who seek to broker peace, to pursue peace, to bring peace.
I got to see Keb’ Mo’ play live for the first time a few months ago. That was very cool – he’s a skilled performer, had a great band and the joy of the music just oozed out. I discovered a few of his Christmas songs a couple of days ago and they got me thinking. Jingle Bells Jamboree features Mo’s characteristic, rhythmic guitar picking and celebrates a family Christmas, complete with presents under the decorated tree, children anticipating Santa Claus, and mum and dad in the kitchen cooking the turkey. But in the middle of the song, suddenly it doesn’t matter if “there are stockings on the wall, ‘cause what matters most is peace on earth and good will to all.” And then, “the more you give, the more you will receive.”
